C&W tagged Community Attribute Values

Introduction
The new implementation allows for a 5 digit string, following the "1273:" notation. Each bit/digit has a pertinent value and meaning represented in the following tables (1273:xxxxx). This was facilitated to provide the following routing information to customers receiving a routing table from C&W via eBGP routing.
Identification of route source by
  • Customer or peer
  • Region
    • Predefined by C&W
    • Based upon physical connection point
  • Country
    • Predefined by C&W
    • Based upon physical connection point
Source of Route
The format for the second component of customer route community number (after 1273:) is set at five digits. This fixed length allows regular expressions to be used in routing policy statements to select subsets of customer routes. This format is 1273:SRCCC where the fields are coded in the following way.
"S" refers to 'source' of the route:
Source Code
CodeSource
1Customer
2Peer
2Upstream
Example:
      	1273:1xxxx	customer route
     	1273:2xxxx	peer route
	1273:3xxxx	upstream route
Region of Route
"R" defines the region, as specified below. Codes 7 through 0 that are not defined yet and thus available for future region definitions. Since there are only four available region codes left, the definition of each code shall await a need for the function it would provide.
Regional Code
RegionCode
1North America (U.S.A and Canada)
2Europe
3Asia (including Japan)
4Australia
5South America
6Available for future region definitions
7Available for future region definitions
8Available for future region definitions
9Available for future region definitions
0Available for future region definitions
Example:
                       
	1273:11xxx	customer, North America
	1273:24xxx	peer, Australia
Contry of Route
"CCC" signifies country code defined by ISO 3166 codes for countries.
Note: Peers & upstreams use a country code of "000".
Country Code
CodeCountry Abbr.Country
004AF AFGHANISTAN
008AL ALBANIA
012DZ ALGERIA
016AS AMERICAN SAMOA
020AD ANDORRA
024AO ANGOLA
660AI ANGUILLA
010AQ ANTARCTICA
028AG ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
032AR ARGENTINA
051AM ARMENIA
533AW ARUBA
036AU AUSTRALIA
040AT AUSTRIA
031AZ AZERBAIJAN
044BS BAHAMAS
048BH BAHRAIN
050BD BANGLADESH
052BB BARBADOS
112BY BELARUS
056BE BELGIUM
084BZ BELIZE
204BJ BENIN
060BM BERMUDA
064BT BHUTAN
068BO BOLIVIA
070BA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOWINA
072BW BOTSWANA
074BV BOUVET ISLAND
076BR BRAZIL
086IO BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY
096BN BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
100BG BULGARIA
854BF BURKINA FASO
108BI BURUNDI
116KH CAMBODIA
120CM CAMEROON
124CA CANADA
132CV CAPE VERDE
136KY CAYMAN ISLANDS
140CF CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
148TD CHAD
152CL CHILE
156CN CHINA
162CX CHRISTMAS ISLAND
166CC COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS
170CO COLOMBIA
174KM COMOROS
178CG CONGO
180CD CONGO, THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE
184CK COOK ISLANDS
188CR COSTA RICA
384CI COTE D'IVOIRE
191HR CROATIA (local name: Hrvatska)
192CU CUBA
196CY CYPRUS
203CZ CZECH REPUBLIC
208DK DENMARK
262DJ DJIBOUTI
212DM DOMINICA
214DO DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
626TP EAST TIMOR
218EC ECUADOR
818EG EGYPT
222SV EL SALVADOR
226GQ EQUATORIAL GUINEA
232ER ERITREA
233EE ESTONIA
231ET ETHIOPIA
238FK FALKLAND ISLANDS (MALVINAS)
234FO FAROE ISLANDS
242FJ FIJI
246FI FINLAND
250FR FRANCE
249FX FRANCE, METROPOLITAN
254GF FRENCH GUIANA
258PF FRENCH POLYNESIA
260TF FRENCH SOUTHERN TERRITORIES
266GA GABON
270GM GAMBIA
268GE GEORGIA
276DE GERMANY
288GH GHANA
292GI GIBRALTAR
300GR GREECE
304GL GREENLAND
308GD GRENADA
312GP GUADELOUPE
316GU GUAM
320GT GUATEMALA
324GN GUINEA
624GW GUINEA-BISSAU
328GY GUYANA
332HT HAITI
334HM HEARD AND MC DONALD ISLANDS
336VA HOLY SEE (VATICAN CITY STATE)
340HN HONDURAS
344HK HONG KONG
348HU HUNGARY
352IS ICELAND
356IN INDIA
360ID INDONESIA
364IR IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
368IQ IRAQ
372IE IRELAND
376IL ISRAEL
380IT ITALY
388JM JAMAICA
392JP JAPAN
400JO JORDAN
398KZ KAZAKHSTAN
404KE KENYA
296KI KIRIBATI
408KP KOREA, DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
410KR KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
414KW KUWAIT
417KG KYRGYZSTAN
418LA LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
428LV LATVIA
422LB LEBANON
426LS LESOTHO
430LR LIBERIA
434LY LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA
438LI LIECHTENSTEIN
440LT LITHUANIA
442LU LUXEMBOURG
446MO MACAU
807MK MACEDONIA, FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF
450MG MADAGASCAR
454MW MALAWI
458MY MALAYSIA
462MV MALDIVES
466ML MALI
470MT MALTA
584MH MARSHALL ISLANDS
474MQ MARTINIQUE
478MR MAURITANIA
480MU MAURITIUS
175YT MAYOTTE
484MX MEXICO
583FM MICRONESIA, FEDERATED STATES OF
498MD MOLDOVA, REPUBLIC OF
492MC MONACO
496MN MONGOLIA
500MS MONTSERRAT
504MA MOROCCO
508MZ MOZAMBIQUE
104MM MYANMAR
516NA NAMIBIA
520NR NAURU
524NP NEPAL
528NL NETHERLANDS
530AN NETHERLANDS ANTILLES
540NC NEW CALEDONIA
554NZ NEW ZEALAND
558NI NICARAGUA
562NE NIGER
566NG NIGERIA
570NU NIUE
574NF NORFOLK ISLAND
580MP NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
578NO NORWAY
512OM OMAN
586PK PAKISTAN
585PW PALAU
275PS PALESTINIAN TERRITORY, OCCUPIED
591PA PANAMA
598PG PAPUA NEW GUINEA
600PY PARAGUAY
604PE PERU
608PH PHILIPPINES
612PN PITCAIRN
616PL POLAND
620PT PORTUGAL
630PR PUERTO RICO
634QA QATAR
638RE REUNION
642RO ROMANIA
643RU RUSSIAN FEDERATION
646RW RWANDA
659KN SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS
662LC SAINT LUCIA
670VC SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES
882WS SAMOA
674SM SAN MARINO
678ST SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
682SA SAUDI ARABIA
686SN SENEGAL
690SC SEYCHELLES
694SL SIERRA LEONE
702SG SINGAPORE
703SK SLOVAKIA (Slovak Republic)
705SI SLOVENIA
090SB SOLOMON ISLANDS
706SO SOMALIA
710ZA SOUTH AFRICA
239GS SOUTH GEORGIA & SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS
724ES SPAIN
144LK SRI LANKA
654SH ST. HELENA
666PM ST. PIERRE AND MIQUELON
736SD SUDAN
740SR SURINAME
744SJ SVALBARD AND JAN MAYEN ISLANDS
748SZ SWAZILAND
752SE SWEDEN
756CH SWITZERLAND
760SY SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC
158TW TAIWAN, PROVINCE OF CHINA
762TJ TAJIKISTAN
834TZ TANZANIA, UNITED REPUBLIC OF
764TH THAILAND
768TG TOGO
772TK TOKELAU
776TO TONGA
780TT TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
788TN TUNISIA
792TR TURKEY
795TM TURKMENISTAN
796TC TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS
798TV TUVALU
800UG UGANDA
804UA UKRAINE
784AE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
826GB UNITED KINGDOM
840US UNITED STATES
581UM UNITED STATES MINOR OUTLYING ISLANDS
858UY URUGUAY
860UZ UZBEKISTAN
548VU VANUATU
862VE VENEZUELA
704VN VIET NAM
092VG VIRGIN ISLANDS (BRITISH)
850VI VIRGIN ISLANDS (U.S.)
876WF WALLIS AND FUTUNA ISLANDS
732EH WESTERN SAHARA
887YE YEMEN
891YU YUGOSLAVIA
894ZM ZAMBIA
716ZW ZIMBABWE
Example:
	
	1273:11840	customer, North America, United States
	1273:22000   	Peer, Europe, Italy
	1273:31000	Upstream provider, North America, United States

Customer tagable Community Attribute Values

Prepend/Suppression Community Attribute Values (1273:3PPPN)
Introduction
Cable & Wireless allows customers to control certain traffic flows off-net with the implementation of community attribute values that prepend route/prefix paths with additional AS hops. These community attribute values, which the customer applies, affects the way C&W peers choose the degree of preference of a given prefix/route, because the number of AS hops within the route-path has been lengthened.
Format
The format for the second component of customer route community number (after 1273:) is set at five digits. This fixed length allows regular expressions to be used in applying a defined number of prepends to a given route/prefix path. This format is 1273:3PPPN, where the fields are coded in the following way. (Note: The first digit of the second component is always "3" then followed by variables of the "PPP" and "N" variables which are defined in the following tables.)
Variables
The "PPP" variable cross references off-net connections of C&W, defined in the following tables. (Note, this will always be a three digit value.)
  • European peer PPP codes: (PPP values 100-200)
    PPP CodePeer NamePeer AS Number
    000All Peers & upstreams
    200MCI EuropeAS702/AS12702
    199Global CrossingAS3549
    198SWIPNETAS1257
    197TiscaliAS3257
    196TeliaAS1299
    195France TelecomAS5511
    194SwisscomAS3303
    193COLTAS8220
    192EircomAS5466
    191AbovenetAS6461
    190DTAGAS3320
    189Arcor MannesmannAS3209
    188AT&T EMEAAS2686
    187DFNAS680
    186Global AccessAS13129
    185GlobixAS4513
    184I-PrimusAS5427
    183MobilcomAS5430
    182RegionetAS8319
    181TelenorAS8210
    180TesionAS15717
    179BT IgniteAS8472
    178TelefonicaAS12956
    177MicrosoftAS8086
    176TeleglobeAS6453
    175ReachAS4637
    174KPN EuroringsAS286
    173BBCAS2818
    172BTAS5400
    171BredbandAS8642
    170Yahoo EuropeAS15635
    169MANDAAS8365
    168AUCS/InfonetAS3300
    167UPC Distribution ServicesAS6830
    166UTA.AT United Telekom AustriaAS8437
    165Cablecom GmbHAS8404
    164VerioAS2914
    163LINXAS5459
    162Net AccessAS8001
    161Telecom Italia SparkleAS6762
    160InterrouteAS8928
    159R-KOM Regensburger TelekommunikationAS12611
    158CogentAS174
    157SchlundAS8560
    156Hurricane ElectricAS6939
    155SongNetworksAS3246
    154PCCWBtNAS3491
    153LambdanetAS13237
    152VersatelAS8881
    151Akamai TechnologiesAS20940
    150GoogleAS15169
    149Cable & Wireless UKAS5388
    148SaraAS1126
    147GiganewsAS30094
  • American peer PPP codes: (PPP values 001-099)
    PPP CodePeer NamePeer AS Number
    099TTSG Internet ServicesAS13945
    098DatapipeAS14492
    097ISPRIMEAS23393
    096Primus CanadaAS6407
    094HopOneAS14361
    092nLayerAS4436
    091WebairAS27257
    090Ezzi.netAS15149
    089TellurianAS10848
    088DALnetAS31800
    087New York InternetAS11403
    086MicrosoftAS8075
    084eBayAS11643
    083SBC InternetAS7132
    082RCNAS6079
    081Yahoo AmericaAS10310
    080PCHAS42
    079PCHAS3856
    078CoxAS22733
    077Akamai TechnologiesAS12222
    076Rogers CableAS812
    075Rackspace.comAS27357
    074MTS-Allstream IncAS15290
    073Group TelecomAS6539
    072Adelphia communicationAS19548
    070Shaw Cablesystems/Big Pipe Inc.AS6327
    071BroadwingAS6395
    069Thorn CommunicationsAS12124
    068Limelight NetworksAS22822
    067Stealth CommunicationsAS8002
    066TMT WarnerAS4323
    065TDSAS4181
    064Host.netAS13645
    063TerremarkAS23148
    062ProlexicAS32787
    061RenesysAS64597
    060MzimaAS25973
    059Peer1AS13768
    058Atlantech OnlineAS7784
    057Netifice CommunicationsAS4565
    056NTELOSAS7795
    055Electric LightwaveAS5650
    054ESnetAS293
    053IIJAS2497
    052TWGATEAS9505
    051China TelecomAS4134
    050DoubleclickAS6432
    049McLeod USAAS7228
    048EarthlinkAS4355
    047Electronic ArtsAS14891
    046CarpathiahostAS29748
    045Edge NetworksAS19029
    044GNAPAS1784
    043Real ConnectAS16559
    042BBCAS9156
    041WalmartAS17374
    040Comsat InternationalAS7908
    039Cable VisionAS6128
    038ServercentralAS23352
    037WV FiberAS19151
    036VOXELAS29791
    035ChoopaAS20473
    034US LECAS1785
    010IDC JapanAS4694
  • Peering point PPP codes: (PPP values 970-989)
    PPP CodePeering Point NamePeering Point Location
    989AMSIXAmsterdam, NL
    988DECIXFrankfurt, DE
    987INXS-HBGHamburg, DE
    986INXS-MUCMunich, DE
    985LINXLondon, UK
    984PARIXParis, FR
    983INEXDublin, IE
    975NAP of the AmericasMiami, FL, US
    974PAIXPalo Alto, CA, US
    973LAIIXLos Angeles, CA, US
    972EquinixAshburn, VA, US
    971PAIX NYNew York, NY, US
    970NYIIXNew York, NY, US
  • Upstream PPP codes: (PPP values 990-998)
    PPP CodeUpstream NameUpstream AS number
    998Savvis CommunicationsAS3561
    996Level 3AS3356
    995SprintAS1239
  • The "N" variable cross references the number of prepends, defined in the following table.
    Allowable values of N:
    ValueEffect
    0Do not announce to selected peer
    1Prepend 1x to selected peer
    2Prepend 2x to selected peer
    3Prepend 3x to selected peer
    9Announce to this peer only (also announces to customers)
Examples
  • 1273:32000 - Do not announce to MCI Europe (AS702)
  • 1273:31752 - Prepend twice to Reach (AS4637)
  • 1273:39963 - Prepend three times to Level 3 Upstream connection (AS3356)
Please note that mixing a 'prepend to IXP' community with a 'prepend to specific peer' community may not have the intended effect. Prepending once to LINX and once to BT will lead to the route being prepended once to BT at LINX, whereas prepending an unequal number of times to an IXP and a peer at that IXP will lead to the sum of the prepends being added (e.g. prepending once to LINX and twice to BT will lead to three prepends being sent to BT at LINX). For this reason it is not recommended to mix specific and general prepend communities on the same routes.
C&W Blackhole Community Attribute Values (1273:666)
For customers that have a host or block under a DDoS, the affected host/block can be advertised to AS1273 with community string 1273:666. This will cause all traffic to that host/block to be black-holed at the core of the AS1273 network.This action will trigger emails sent to the appropriate security and operations groups for notification purposes. After advertising the prefix with 1273:666, the customer may open a ticket to request further assistance with their Cable & Wireless management agency, or open a ticket via email to trouble@eu.cw.net Once the attack has been mitigated, the customer will be responsible for removing the prefix from being advertised. Cable & Wireless will not be held responsible for customers who errantly advertise prefixes with the blackhole community string.
C&W local preference alteration communities
  • The local-preference hierarchy within C&W AS1273 is as follows
    ValueEffect
    100Customers (BGP and injected static)
    90Backup customer connections
    80Peers
    75Transit/Upstream Providers
    70Last resort customer connections
  • The following communities can be sent to influence the local-preference of a customer route
    ValueEffect
    1273:90Sets local preference value within AS1273 to 90
    1273:80Sets local preference value within AS1273 to 80
    1273:70Sets local preference value within AS1273 to 70
    1273:no-exportPrevents this route from being announce to any AS1273 EBGP peer
    1273:no-advertisePrevents this route from being announced to any AS1273 EBGP or IBGP peer

    Cable & Wireless Customer Support Server

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